Acute myeloid leukemia or AML is a type of blood cancer that is not easily detected in its early stages. It is said that early symptoms of AML mirror those of a bad cold! In this blog, K. K. Wagh Institute will discuss the emergence of artificial intelligence in detecting cancer.
Researchers from both the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) as well as the University of Bonn have concluded a proof-of-concept study where they analyzed gene activity of cells found in the blood using machine learning techniques. They have a massive database of multiple studies conducted on this thesis that they plan to further refine to draw a concise conclusion. They attempted to analyze ‘transcriptome’ which is a fingerprint of gene activity that holds essential information on the condition of cells. They planned to use artificial intelligence through trainable algorithms curated to read transcriptome. Once achieved, this method could be used to detect or study other illnesses in detail such as dementia.
They collected data from over 12,000 blood samples across 105 studies which made up the largest database for an AML metastudy. Approximately 4,100 of these blood samples were taken from AML patients. They wanted to compare and contrast the gene activity of AML-free blood samples versus AML positive blood samples. The scientists tested on these blood samples through an automated process where they fed their algorithms and searched disease-specific patterns in the transcriptome. The applied methods were able to categorize the blood samples into two groups: with AML and without AML with a 99% hit rate.
If this concept were to be put in practice, it could support the conventional diagnosis of AML and possibly enable patients to start therapy early. Patients of AML usually have to go through a prolonged series of tests and diagnoses before a specialist provides them with an accurate one. With the help of AI, this process could be sped up and AML could be detected through simple bloodwork.
Machines and technology greatly accelerate the advancement of the human race and it is only going to get better! For a constant flow of informative and interesting blogs, keep tabs on our socials!
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